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International Labour Organisation ILO

Employment and Structural Change in Indian Industries: A Trade Union View-point

ILO, International Labour Organisation; ARTEP (publ);

Employment and Structural Change in Indian Industries: A Trade Union View-point [books?id=UQtAbcCsh-gC]

International Labour Organization (World Employment Programme), 1989, 107 pages

ISBN 9221067092, 9789221067092

topics: |  india | business | history


A good history of labour in India; particularly the chapter dealing with
Kanpur.

Excerpts

During 1951-1980, Indian economy has grown at 3.6% p.a.
       		  population growth: 2.5%
		  	     largely due to lowered mortality
			     birth rate v high - 36 / 1000 in 1981

2.1 Structural changes in economy

---------------------------------------------

	   primary    	secondary    tertiary
	 agrictulture   industrial   services

---------------------------------------------

1950-51     57.0 %	  16.4	       26.6
1970-71	    50.1 %	  19.7	       30.2
1985-86	    37.7 %	  21.3	       41.0

---------------------------------------------


industrial: includes construction, electricity, gas and water supply.

services: - trasport and communications
	  - trade / hotel
	  - banking and business svcs
	  - public admin and defence
	  - personal & domestic svcs
   overall growth : 6 to 7 % p.a., 2x the rate of mfg sector.

in the 1975-85 decade, total industrial income more or less same, but
luxury-oriented goods have increased at faster rate.

between 1970-1985: p.cap income growing at 1.56%

7: Kanpur - the experience in textiles industry


Besides textiles, two other major industries - engineering units and
tanneries.

The town is an important trading center - the trading businesses account for an
overwhelming proportion of employment.

total of eleven textile mills:
   - British India Corporation (4)
 	- Elgin Mills one
	- Elgin Mills two
	- Cawnpore textile
	- Cawnpre woollen mills (Lal Imli)
   - National Textile Corporation (5)
        - Muir mills
	- Victoria mills
	- Swadeshi cotton mills
	- Atherton mills
	- Laxmi Rathore Cotton mills
   - J.K. Cotton spinning mills (private)
	[the most important mill and the only private mill running p.39]
   - J.K. Manufacturing (closed in 1975)

Industrial Employment

---|------------------------------|-----------------------

     |	   in textile industry	    |	under factories act
     | tot	unskilled skilled   | 	   total

---|------------------------------|-----------------------

1961 | 49750     	  	    |	   83.6K
1971 | 42202     10%        3.0%    |	   76.4K
1981 | 36979	 11.5%	    7.5%    |	   73.8K
1986 | 35484	 16.5%	    9.5%    |	   69.0K

---|------------------------------|-----------------------


1981 numbers : after 1975 closure of JK Mfg

kanpur employment exchange 1986:
job-seekers:   2.86L
jobs provided: 6.6K   p.45

---authorship
several organizational contributors, no names.  In addition to ILO:
   - Asian Regional Team for Employment Promotion (ARTEP),
   - International Confederation for Free Trade Unions,
   - Indian National Trade Union Congress,
   - Hind Mazdoor Sabha



amitabha mukerjee (mukerjee [at-symbol] gmail) 2012 Aug 22